Jaar Inligting 2025
STUDIERIGTING: Fokus op vroue gesondheid
TEMA/ THEME Groei in seisoen
PROJEK / PROJECT: Genade handsakke
SKRYWER / WRITER: Ané Kotze
PERSOONLIKHEID / PERSONALITY: Ruan Josh
KUNSTENAAR / ARTIST: Ruan Josh
PRODUK / PRODUCT: Dadels en Perdeblom (Dandeloin
KONGRESPROJEK / CONGRESS PROJECT:
BOME / TREES: Talbot (Spirostachys Africana) Wit melkhout (Sideroxylon inerme)
ACWW: Aangesien ons elke derde jaar die tema gebruik – die jaar waarin die betrokke organisasie se kongres / konferensie gehou word staan AVWW se tema oor na 2027.
UITVOERENDE BESTUUR:
President Alna Kapp
Vise-President Alice de Beer
Redaktrise Anna-Marie Venter
Tesourier Engela Thompson
Sekretaresse Marie Terblanche
Skakelbeampte Anja Swanepoel
Beoordelingssameroeper Helena Joubert
STREEKVOORSITTERS:
Carpe Diem : Marcelle van Vuuren
Hoèveld: Gerda Buter
Kosmos: Alice de Beer
Malieveld: Elena Martens
Suikerbos: Marne van Greunen
Tambuki: Carien Schabort
KONGRES:
Kongresprojek
SA KONGRES:
ACWW/WBPV:
VLUM Artikels 2025/2026
Breiwerk: Sjaalsteek artikel in 2 kleure
Hekel: Dames toppie in verskeie steke
Masjienwerk: Kwilt kombersie
Handvlyt: Blaar druk muurprent
Handborduur: Gesmokte kinder pakkie
Skets: Stillewe skilder uit jou kombuis
Fotografie: Mistige oggend
Skryfkuns: Vergete drome
TEMA/ THEME Groei in seisoen
PROJEK / PROJECT: Genade handsakke
SKRYWER / WRITER: Ané Kotze
PERSOONLIKHEID / PERSONALITY: Ruan Josh
KUNSTENAAR / ARTIST: Ruan Josh
PRODUK / PRODUCT: Dadels en Perdeblom (Dandeloin
KONGRESPROJEK / CONGRESS PROJECT:
BOME / TREES: Talbot (Spirostachys Africana) Wit melkhout (Sideroxylon inerme)
ACWW: Aangesien ons elke derde jaar die tema gebruik – die jaar waarin die betrokke organisasie se kongres / konferensie gehou word staan AVWW se tema oor na 2027.
UITVOERENDE BESTUUR:
President Alna Kapp
Vise-President Alice de Beer
Redaktrise Anna-Marie Venter
Tesourier Engela Thompson
Sekretaresse Marie Terblanche
Skakelbeampte Anja Swanepoel
Beoordelingssameroeper Helena Joubert
STREEKVOORSITTERS:
Carpe Diem : Marcelle van Vuuren
Hoèveld: Gerda Buter
Kosmos: Alice de Beer
Malieveld: Elena Martens
Suikerbos: Marne van Greunen
Tambuki: Carien Schabort
KONGRES:
Kongresprojek
SA KONGRES:
ACWW/WBPV:
VLUM Artikels 2025/2026
Breiwerk: Sjaalsteek artikel in 2 kleure
Hekel: Dames toppie in verskeie steke
Masjienwerk: Kwilt kombersie
Handvlyt: Blaar druk muurprent
Handborduur: Gesmokte kinder pakkie
Skets: Stillewe skilder uit jou kombuis
Fotografie: Mistige oggend
Skryfkuns: Vergete drome
Persoonlikheid en Kunstenaar:- Ruan Josh
Ruan Josh is ‘n veelsydige kunstenaar met ‘n loopbaan wat reeds meer as 15 jaar in die plaaslike musiekbedryf strek. Hy is bekend as ‘n sanger, akteur, aanbieder, boer, en besigheidsman, en sy bydraes tot die Suid-Afrikaanse kultuurlandskap is indrukwekkend.
Sy debuut album, “Eggo” (2017), het goue status bereik, en hy het verdere sukses behaal deur sy deelname aan die Du Plessis-familie trio se albums “Kaalvoetkinners” (2017) en “Sing Country” (2021). Ruan het ook produksie werk gedoen vir gewilde vertonings soos Krone (2018) en Afrikaans is Groot (2013-2015). Sy aanbieding van “Klein Begin” (2018) op SABC 2 het sy veelsydigheid as ‘n kunskenner onderstreep.
Een van Ruan se eerste hoogtepunte was sy wen van die “Beste Byspeler” in Suid-Afrika by die ATKV Tienertoneel in 2008 as deel van Hoërskool Die Wilgers se verhoogensamble. Hierdie vroeë erkenning het die weg gebaan vir sy sukses in die bedryf.
Sy suksesvolle enkelsnit “Provider” in 2020 het byna 2 miljoen kyke op YouTube en het mense tydens die uitdagende tyd van die Covid-19-pandemie bemoedig. Hierdie treffer is gevolg deur “Go Rest High on that Mountain,” wat die land vertroos het tydens moeilike tye van verlies.
In 2021 het Ruan die publiek verras met die vrylating van “Verlore,” ‘n liedjie wat hy self geskryf het saam met sy suster, Franja du Plessis. Hierdie liedjie illustreer sy veelsydige talente as ‘n sanger en liedjieskrywer en het ‘n boodskap van hoop en liefde vir die luisteraars gebring.
Ruan is ‘n kunstenaar wat sy passie vir musiek koppel aan sy geloof, en hy glo vas aan die helende krag van musiek. Sy liefde vir Jesus Christus is ‘n deurslaggewende invloed op sy lewe en sy kuns.
Die “Sing Country”-album saam met Juanita du Plessis en Franja du Plessis het gevolg, asook sy Kersfees-enkelsnit “Jingle Bell Rock.” Meer onlangse vrystellings is die enkelsnitte “Ek Sukkel,” “Vat Die Houe,” en die duet “Net Hier Bly” saam met Franja du Plessis. Sy volle album “Wysers” is in 2024 bekendgestel.
Sy volgende projekte beloof om sy reeds indrukwekkende loopbaan verder te versterk en sy posisie as een van Suid-Afrika se gewildste kunstenaars te sement.
Ruan Josh is ‘n veelsydige kunstenaar met ‘n loopbaan wat reeds meer as 15 jaar in die plaaslike musiekbedryf strek. Hy is bekend as ‘n sanger, akteur, aanbieder, boer, en besigheidsman, en sy bydraes tot die Suid-Afrikaanse kultuurlandskap is indrukwekkend.
Sy debuut album, “Eggo” (2017), het goue status bereik, en hy het verdere sukses behaal deur sy deelname aan die Du Plessis-familie trio se albums “Kaalvoetkinners” (2017) en “Sing Country” (2021). Ruan het ook produksie werk gedoen vir gewilde vertonings soos Krone (2018) en Afrikaans is Groot (2013-2015). Sy aanbieding van “Klein Begin” (2018) op SABC 2 het sy veelsydigheid as ‘n kunskenner onderstreep.
Een van Ruan se eerste hoogtepunte was sy wen van die “Beste Byspeler” in Suid-Afrika by die ATKV Tienertoneel in 2008 as deel van Hoërskool Die Wilgers se verhoogensamble. Hierdie vroeë erkenning het die weg gebaan vir sy sukses in die bedryf.
Sy suksesvolle enkelsnit “Provider” in 2020 het byna 2 miljoen kyke op YouTube en het mense tydens die uitdagende tyd van die Covid-19-pandemie bemoedig. Hierdie treffer is gevolg deur “Go Rest High on that Mountain,” wat die land vertroos het tydens moeilike tye van verlies.
In 2021 het Ruan die publiek verras met die vrylating van “Verlore,” ‘n liedjie wat hy self geskryf het saam met sy suster, Franja du Plessis. Hierdie liedjie illustreer sy veelsydige talente as ‘n sanger en liedjieskrywer en het ‘n boodskap van hoop en liefde vir die luisteraars gebring.
Ruan is ‘n kunstenaar wat sy passie vir musiek koppel aan sy geloof, en hy glo vas aan die helende krag van musiek. Sy liefde vir Jesus Christus is ‘n deurslaggewende invloed op sy lewe en sy kuns.
Die “Sing Country”-album saam met Juanita du Plessis en Franja du Plessis het gevolg, asook sy Kersfees-enkelsnit “Jingle Bell Rock.” Meer onlangse vrystellings is die enkelsnitte “Ek Sukkel,” “Vat Die Houe,” en die duet “Net Hier Bly” saam met Franja du Plessis. Sy volle album “Wysers” is in 2024 bekendgestel.
Sy volgende projekte beloof om sy reeds indrukwekkende loopbaan verder te versterk en sy posisie as een van Suid-Afrika se gewildste kunstenaars te sement.
Skrywer:- Ané Kotze
Kaalwoorde is gestig deur skrywer, Ané Kotzé, wat die visie gehad het om haar woorde en gedagtes met die wêreld te deel en mense te wys dat hulle nie alleen is nie. Sy het ’n groot aanhang op sosiale media en het saamgewerk met van Suid-Afrika se bekendste akteurs en musikante. Sy is tans in Kambodja op ’n skrywerswegbreek.
Kaalwoorde is gestig deur skrywer, Ané Kotzé, wat die visie gehad het om haar woorde en gedagtes met die wêreld te deel en mense te wys dat hulle nie alleen is nie. Sy het ’n groot aanhang op sosiale media en het saamgewerk met van Suid-Afrika se bekendste akteurs en musikante. Sy is tans in Kambodja op ’n skrywerswegbreek.
Produkte van die jaar:- Perdeblom (Dandeloin) & Dadels
Perdeblom
Also known as Taraxacum officinale, the well-known yellow Dandelion is considered a weed in most gardens. This plant has been an incredible healing and companion plant for centuries. A terrific specimen for anything from skincare products to healthy teas and interesting salads.
Use dandelion in these interesting ways:
A natural medication:
All parts of the plant can be used as a natural medication. The most healing properties being in the roots. The plant is high in calcium, iron, vitamins A, B, C and D chlorine, protein, and it is also one of the best sources of natural potassium.
It is a very good natural diuretic, and will hold existing potassium in the system, as well as bring the potassium levels up to normal should they be low in the body. It is one of the best herbs for the liver and as it is a diuretic it can also help to remove toxins and waste matter from the body. It can also help relieve the toxins in the body of rheumatism and arthritis.
A cup of dandelion tea is a wonderful spring tonic to help clean out the body after the heavier foods eaten during the winter months. The milky juice stored in the stem of the plant can be applied to blisters to heal them, and to help take away warts.
Beautify with dandelion:
A mouth wash can help to strengthen tooth enamel.
Simmer some fresh leaves in a stainless steel or enamel pot with the lid in, for fifteen to twenty minutes. Switch off the heat and allow to come to room temperature. This is when the strengths of the plants are extracted. Put through a plastic strainer and add this water to your bath water as a skin wash for itches and rashes. These leaves cannot be reused, they now belong on the compost heap. It can also be used as a facial wash for pimples and blemishes.
Dandelion facial mask recipe:
Herb tea. When making a cup of herb tea from fresh or dried leaves, this is called a tisane. If using fresh, then the equivalent of two level teaspoons is all that is needed. Or half the quantity of the dried herb. Pouring boiling water straight from the kettle can also interfere with the working and healing properties of the plant. It is far better to boil the water, allow it to stand in the kettle for 2 to 5 minutes, and then pour it over the plant material in the cup. Stir and allow to stand for about two minutes. Then remove the plant. If there are droplets of plant oils floating on top, that means it is possibly too strong, and should be diluted with more water. Milk and sugar are never added to herb teas. Only ever pure honey if a sweetener is required. Then it is very important to sit down comfortably and enjoy your cup of tea. This is when it works the very best.
Make a dandelion tea:
If making a cup of tea from the fresh or dried root, again the quantity for the dried will be half the quantity as for the fresh, and the powdered herb will be even less. This is then called a decoction. The herb is put into an enamel, glass or stainless and cold water is added. Then it is best to allow this to stand overnight and then this is brought slowly to the boil, and simmered as given above. Again allowing to cool extracts the maximum properties from the plant material. Strain and drink as given above. It is hardly ever necessary to have more than one cup of any herbal tea a day.
Culinary uses of dandelion:
Use young dandelion leaves in salads.
Harvesting Dandelion:
Harvesting of the root for use is best in autumn after an entire season of growth. The leaves can be harvesting and used fresh or dried throughout the year. It is extremely important to note that no chemicals are to be used in the garden if herb plants are going to be used internally or externally. I use dandelion to make and use natural herbal remedies and also for companion planting. My garden is a haven for the birds, bees, butterflies, lady birds, dragon flies and geckos.
Identifying Dandelion:
It is also used to make Dandelion wine. It was called lion’s tooth in French because of the deeply toothed margins on the leaves. The tap root is large and fleshy with a white interior. The long leaves are lance-shaped and deeply indented and form a rosette around the base of the plant. There is a single stem on which the yellow daisy flower appears, on dying off this then forms a puff ball of seeds, which are easily spread by the wind. It is a hardy perennial and can reach a height of 600 mm. To use the plant at its best, dig up those growing in the grass and plant in a prepared bed with old compost. Those leaves harvested from amongst the grass will have a more bitter taste This is due to the strong tap root drawing nutrients from its surroundings. The younger leaves are also tastier than the older ones. Dandelion nectar is loved by the bees and the ladybirds. As the leaves grow so close to the ground this plant is not really attacked by insects. Dandelion requires a nutritional soil and adequate water. This plant is not to be confused with wild thistles. The best identifying factor is that there are no leaves at all growing up the flowering stem.
Dadels
8 Gesondheidvoordele van datums gerugsteun deur navorsing
1 Hoë veselinhoud
2 'n Groot aantal antioksidante wat die liggaam help om siektes suksesvol te beveg
3 Help om breinaktiwiteit 'n hupstoot te gee
4 Fasiliteer die proses van natuurlike bevalling
5 natuurlike versoeter
6 Verminder suiker, versterk bene
7 Voeg net by jou dieet
8 Ander gesondheidsvoordele
Dadels is wonderlike vrugte met 'n uitstekende smaak. Hulle groei op 'n boom genaamd die dadelpalm, of vinger datum, wat 'n hoogte van 25 meter bereik. En die veeragtige palmblare groei tot 'n lengte van 15 meter.
Dit blyk dat die dadelpalm die eerste plant was wat mense gekweek het.
Dadelpalms groei tipies tot 21–23 metres (69–75 ft) in hoogte, met 'n alleenstaande stam, of 'n veelstammige groeivorm uit 'n enkele worstelstelsel. Die blare is 4–6 metres (13–20 ft) lank met stekels aan die blaarstingel, en veerspletig met ongeveer 150 blaartjies. Die blaartjies is 30 cm (12 in) lank en 2 cm (0,79 in) wyd. Die boom se kroon oorspan 'n wydte van 6–10 m (20–33 ft).
Die dadelpalm is diësies (of tweehuisig), aangesien die plante uitsluitlik manlik of vroulik is. Hulle kan maklik van saad verbou word, maar slegs 50% van die saailinge sal vroulik en gevolglik vrugtedraend wees, en die dadels van saailingplante is dikwels kleiner en van swakker kwaliteit. Meeste kommersiële plantasies gebruik gevolglik stiggies van kultivars wat 'n hoë opbrengs lewer. Plante wat uit stiggies gegenereer word sal 2-3 jaar vroeër vrugte voortbring as saailinge.
Dadels is van nature windbestuifde plante, maar in tradisionele oase-dadelverbouing en in moderne boorde word hulle slegs met die hand bestuif. In natuurlike omstandighede sal bestuiwing plaasvind met 'n gelyke getal manlike en vroulike plante. Met menslike bystand kan een manlike plant egter tot 100 vroulike plante bestuif. Aangesien die manlike plante slegs van kommersiële waarde is as bestuiwers, laat dit die verbouers toe om hulle hulpbronne vir 'n meerderheid vrugtedraende plante aan te wend. Sekere verbouers hou selfs geen manlike plante aan nie, aangesien manlike blomme met bestuiwingstyd by plaaslike markte beskikbaar is. Handbestuiwing word vanaf 'n leer deur 'n bedrewe werker uitgevoer, of deur van 'n lugblaasmasjien gebruik te maak. In sekere areas soos in Irak, sal die bestuiwer gebruik te maak van 'n spesiale klimapparaat wat om die stam en om sy rug vou om hom met die uitklim teen die stam vas te hou.
Dadels is ovaal-silindries, 3–7 cm (1,2–2,8 in) lank, en 2–3 cm (0,79–1,18 in) in deursnee. Wanneer ryp wissel hulle van helderrooi tot heldergeel van kleur, afhangend van die variëteit. 'n Dadels is 'n steenvrug en bevat 'n enkele pit van 2–2,5 cm (0,8–1,0 in) lank en 6–8 mm (0,2–0,3 in) dik. Drie vername kultivargroepe bestaan: sag (ondermeer 'Barhee', 'Halawy', 'Khadrawy' en 'Medjool'); semidroog (ondermeer 'Dayri', 'Deglet Nour' en 'Zahdi'), en droog (bv. 'Thoory'). Die tipe vrug word bepaal deur die glukose-, fruktose- en sukrose-inhoud.
Perdeblom
Also known as Taraxacum officinale, the well-known yellow Dandelion is considered a weed in most gardens. This plant has been an incredible healing and companion plant for centuries. A terrific specimen for anything from skincare products to healthy teas and interesting salads.
Use dandelion in these interesting ways:
A natural medication:
All parts of the plant can be used as a natural medication. The most healing properties being in the roots. The plant is high in calcium, iron, vitamins A, B, C and D chlorine, protein, and it is also one of the best sources of natural potassium.
It is a very good natural diuretic, and will hold existing potassium in the system, as well as bring the potassium levels up to normal should they be low in the body. It is one of the best herbs for the liver and as it is a diuretic it can also help to remove toxins and waste matter from the body. It can also help relieve the toxins in the body of rheumatism and arthritis.
A cup of dandelion tea is a wonderful spring tonic to help clean out the body after the heavier foods eaten during the winter months. The milky juice stored in the stem of the plant can be applied to blisters to heal them, and to help take away warts.
Beautify with dandelion:
A mouth wash can help to strengthen tooth enamel.
Simmer some fresh leaves in a stainless steel or enamel pot with the lid in, for fifteen to twenty minutes. Switch off the heat and allow to come to room temperature. This is when the strengths of the plants are extracted. Put through a plastic strainer and add this water to your bath water as a skin wash for itches and rashes. These leaves cannot be reused, they now belong on the compost heap. It can also be used as a facial wash for pimples and blemishes.
Dandelion facial mask recipe:
Herb tea. When making a cup of herb tea from fresh or dried leaves, this is called a tisane. If using fresh, then the equivalent of two level teaspoons is all that is needed. Or half the quantity of the dried herb. Pouring boiling water straight from the kettle can also interfere with the working and healing properties of the plant. It is far better to boil the water, allow it to stand in the kettle for 2 to 5 minutes, and then pour it over the plant material in the cup. Stir and allow to stand for about two minutes. Then remove the plant. If there are droplets of plant oils floating on top, that means it is possibly too strong, and should be diluted with more water. Milk and sugar are never added to herb teas. Only ever pure honey if a sweetener is required. Then it is very important to sit down comfortably and enjoy your cup of tea. This is when it works the very best.
Make a dandelion tea:
If making a cup of tea from the fresh or dried root, again the quantity for the dried will be half the quantity as for the fresh, and the powdered herb will be even less. This is then called a decoction. The herb is put into an enamel, glass or stainless and cold water is added. Then it is best to allow this to stand overnight and then this is brought slowly to the boil, and simmered as given above. Again allowing to cool extracts the maximum properties from the plant material. Strain and drink as given above. It is hardly ever necessary to have more than one cup of any herbal tea a day.
Culinary uses of dandelion:
Use young dandelion leaves in salads.
Harvesting Dandelion:
Harvesting of the root for use is best in autumn after an entire season of growth. The leaves can be harvesting and used fresh or dried throughout the year. It is extremely important to note that no chemicals are to be used in the garden if herb plants are going to be used internally or externally. I use dandelion to make and use natural herbal remedies and also for companion planting. My garden is a haven for the birds, bees, butterflies, lady birds, dragon flies and geckos.
Identifying Dandelion:
It is also used to make Dandelion wine. It was called lion’s tooth in French because of the deeply toothed margins on the leaves. The tap root is large and fleshy with a white interior. The long leaves are lance-shaped and deeply indented and form a rosette around the base of the plant. There is a single stem on which the yellow daisy flower appears, on dying off this then forms a puff ball of seeds, which are easily spread by the wind. It is a hardy perennial and can reach a height of 600 mm. To use the plant at its best, dig up those growing in the grass and plant in a prepared bed with old compost. Those leaves harvested from amongst the grass will have a more bitter taste This is due to the strong tap root drawing nutrients from its surroundings. The younger leaves are also tastier than the older ones. Dandelion nectar is loved by the bees and the ladybirds. As the leaves grow so close to the ground this plant is not really attacked by insects. Dandelion requires a nutritional soil and adequate water. This plant is not to be confused with wild thistles. The best identifying factor is that there are no leaves at all growing up the flowering stem.
Dadels
8 Gesondheidvoordele van datums gerugsteun deur navorsing
1 Hoë veselinhoud
2 'n Groot aantal antioksidante wat die liggaam help om siektes suksesvol te beveg
3 Help om breinaktiwiteit 'n hupstoot te gee
4 Fasiliteer die proses van natuurlike bevalling
5 natuurlike versoeter
6 Verminder suiker, versterk bene
7 Voeg net by jou dieet
8 Ander gesondheidsvoordele
Dadels is wonderlike vrugte met 'n uitstekende smaak. Hulle groei op 'n boom genaamd die dadelpalm, of vinger datum, wat 'n hoogte van 25 meter bereik. En die veeragtige palmblare groei tot 'n lengte van 15 meter.
Dit blyk dat die dadelpalm die eerste plant was wat mense gekweek het.
Dadelpalms groei tipies tot 21–23 metres (69–75 ft) in hoogte, met 'n alleenstaande stam, of 'n veelstammige groeivorm uit 'n enkele worstelstelsel. Die blare is 4–6 metres (13–20 ft) lank met stekels aan die blaarstingel, en veerspletig met ongeveer 150 blaartjies. Die blaartjies is 30 cm (12 in) lank en 2 cm (0,79 in) wyd. Die boom se kroon oorspan 'n wydte van 6–10 m (20–33 ft).
Die dadelpalm is diësies (of tweehuisig), aangesien die plante uitsluitlik manlik of vroulik is. Hulle kan maklik van saad verbou word, maar slegs 50% van die saailinge sal vroulik en gevolglik vrugtedraend wees, en die dadels van saailingplante is dikwels kleiner en van swakker kwaliteit. Meeste kommersiële plantasies gebruik gevolglik stiggies van kultivars wat 'n hoë opbrengs lewer. Plante wat uit stiggies gegenereer word sal 2-3 jaar vroeër vrugte voortbring as saailinge.
Dadels is van nature windbestuifde plante, maar in tradisionele oase-dadelverbouing en in moderne boorde word hulle slegs met die hand bestuif. In natuurlike omstandighede sal bestuiwing plaasvind met 'n gelyke getal manlike en vroulike plante. Met menslike bystand kan een manlike plant egter tot 100 vroulike plante bestuif. Aangesien die manlike plante slegs van kommersiële waarde is as bestuiwers, laat dit die verbouers toe om hulle hulpbronne vir 'n meerderheid vrugtedraende plante aan te wend. Sekere verbouers hou selfs geen manlike plante aan nie, aangesien manlike blomme met bestuiwingstyd by plaaslike markte beskikbaar is. Handbestuiwing word vanaf 'n leer deur 'n bedrewe werker uitgevoer, of deur van 'n lugblaasmasjien gebruik te maak. In sekere areas soos in Irak, sal die bestuiwer gebruik te maak van 'n spesiale klimapparaat wat om die stam en om sy rug vou om hom met die uitklim teen die stam vas te hou.
Dadels is ovaal-silindries, 3–7 cm (1,2–2,8 in) lank, en 2–3 cm (0,79–1,18 in) in deursnee. Wanneer ryp wissel hulle van helderrooi tot heldergeel van kleur, afhangend van die variëteit. 'n Dadels is 'n steenvrug en bevat 'n enkele pit van 2–2,5 cm (0,8–1,0 in) lank en 6–8 mm (0,2–0,3 in) dik. Drie vername kultivargroepe bestaan: sag (ondermeer 'Barhee', 'Halawy', 'Khadrawy' en 'Medjool'); semidroog (ondermeer 'Dayri', 'Deglet Nour' en 'Zahdi'), en droog (bv. 'Thoory'). Die tipe vrug word bepaal deur die glukose-, fruktose- en sukrose-inhoud.
Bome van die Jaar
Tamboti (Spirostachys Africana)
The tamboti belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family. It can grow up to 18 meters in height and is commonly known for its toxic, milky latex. Its characteristic bark is dark brown to black, thick, rough which is neatly cracked into regular rectangular blocks that are arranged in longitudinal rows. It has distinctive dark green compound leaves with finely toothed edges. The young, red leaves are often visible among the older, green leaves in spring.
The leaves are a popular food source for kudu, nyala, impala and vervet monkeys, elephants, bushbuck, giraffe, and eland. Black rhino is known to eat young branches. Duiker, impala and nyala also feed on the dry fallen leaves of this tree. Larvae of the giant silk moth or African moon moth (Argema mimosae) feed on the leaves. Porcupines consume the bark. Except for the crested guineafowl, francolins and doves, birds generally avoid this tree.
What truly sets this tree apart are its vibrant orange-red fruits, which dangle from its branches during the late summer and early autumn months. These fruits, while toxic to humans, are a vital food source for various bird species and play a crucial role in the tree’s ecological interactions. The fruit is a capsule that is three-lobed, and once mature, it becomes yellowish-brown before dehiscing with an audible popping sound, that can be heard on hot summer days from October to February. Bird species, including hornbills, barbets, and turacos, all play a vital role in seed dispersal.
The tamboti is one of the ‘jumping bean’ trees, because the seeds become infested with the larvae of the snout moth (Emporia melanobasis) which develops within the growing fruit. The larvae jack-knife inside the fallen segments, usually during bright, hot sunlight – causing them to move about erratically and vigorously, even jumping up to a height of 30cm.
Tamboti’s are monoecious – having both male and female flowers. The flowerheads bear mostly male and a few female flowers. The female flowers are attached at the base of each spike. Flowering takes place in August to September before the new leaves appear. The flowering spikes of this plant are unusual in appearance, as the male flowers appear gold-coloured because of the pollen, whereas female flowers are blood red.
Beyond its ecological importance, the Tamboti tree has cultural significance among various South African communities. The Zulu, Xhosa, and Sotho, have revered this tree for generations, incorporating it into their rituals and traditions. It is often used to make traditional medicines, as its bark and leaves are believed to have healing properties. Even the latex, which is very toxic to humans, has traditional medicinal uses, for example, a drop of the fresh latex can be applied to relieve toothache. The bark is used to treat stomach pains, but large dosages will cause damage to the internal organs. The poisonous latex is also traditionally used to stupefy fish, making them easier to catch.
The wood is still used traditionally for fencing, hut rafters, walking sticks and necklaces. It is also utilized in the construction of musical instruments, such as the marimba. The wood is so strong that you can make gunstocks or arrows from it.
The sawdust from the wood is harmful to the eyes and can even cause blindness. It is not suitable as firewood because the smoke is toxic and will cause diarrhoea if food cooked on the coals is eaten.
Unfortunately, and because the tamboti tree’s wood is prized for its strength and durability, this has unfortunately, led to overharvesting and a decline in its population in some regions. The result of this is that conservationists and local communities have joined forces to preserve this invaluable tree, recognizing its ecological significance and its role in preserving South Africa’s natural heritage.
The tamboti belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family. It can grow up to 18 meters in height and is commonly known for its toxic, milky latex. Its characteristic bark is dark brown to black, thick, rough which is neatly cracked into regular rectangular blocks that are arranged in longitudinal rows. It has distinctive dark green compound leaves with finely toothed edges. The young, red leaves are often visible among the older, green leaves in spring.
The leaves are a popular food source for kudu, nyala, impala and vervet monkeys, elephants, bushbuck, giraffe, and eland. Black rhino is known to eat young branches. Duiker, impala and nyala also feed on the dry fallen leaves of this tree. Larvae of the giant silk moth or African moon moth (Argema mimosae) feed on the leaves. Porcupines consume the bark. Except for the crested guineafowl, francolins and doves, birds generally avoid this tree.
What truly sets this tree apart are its vibrant orange-red fruits, which dangle from its branches during the late summer and early autumn months. These fruits, while toxic to humans, are a vital food source for various bird species and play a crucial role in the tree’s ecological interactions. The fruit is a capsule that is three-lobed, and once mature, it becomes yellowish-brown before dehiscing with an audible popping sound, that can be heard on hot summer days from October to February. Bird species, including hornbills, barbets, and turacos, all play a vital role in seed dispersal.
The tamboti is one of the ‘jumping bean’ trees, because the seeds become infested with the larvae of the snout moth (Emporia melanobasis) which develops within the growing fruit. The larvae jack-knife inside the fallen segments, usually during bright, hot sunlight – causing them to move about erratically and vigorously, even jumping up to a height of 30cm.
Tamboti’s are monoecious – having both male and female flowers. The flowerheads bear mostly male and a few female flowers. The female flowers are attached at the base of each spike. Flowering takes place in August to September before the new leaves appear. The flowering spikes of this plant are unusual in appearance, as the male flowers appear gold-coloured because of the pollen, whereas female flowers are blood red.
Beyond its ecological importance, the Tamboti tree has cultural significance among various South African communities. The Zulu, Xhosa, and Sotho, have revered this tree for generations, incorporating it into their rituals and traditions. It is often used to make traditional medicines, as its bark and leaves are believed to have healing properties. Even the latex, which is very toxic to humans, has traditional medicinal uses, for example, a drop of the fresh latex can be applied to relieve toothache. The bark is used to treat stomach pains, but large dosages will cause damage to the internal organs. The poisonous latex is also traditionally used to stupefy fish, making them easier to catch.
The wood is still used traditionally for fencing, hut rafters, walking sticks and necklaces. It is also utilized in the construction of musical instruments, such as the marimba. The wood is so strong that you can make gunstocks or arrows from it.
The sawdust from the wood is harmful to the eyes and can even cause blindness. It is not suitable as firewood because the smoke is toxic and will cause diarrhoea if food cooked on the coals is eaten.
Unfortunately, and because the tamboti tree’s wood is prized for its strength and durability, this has unfortunately, led to overharvesting and a decline in its population in some regions. The result of this is that conservationists and local communities have joined forces to preserve this invaluable tree, recognizing its ecological significance and its role in preserving South Africa’s natural heritage.
Wit melkhout (Siderozylon inerme)
Common names:
White milkwood ( Eng. );
Witmelkhout, melkhoutboom, melkbessie (Afr.);
Sideroxylon inerme, a tree with a rich history, is a must for coastal gardens with its dense foliage, black berries and small, dainty white flowers.
Description
A small to medium evergreen tree, which grows to a height of 10-15 m. The tree has a sturdy trunk that is normally 600mm in diameter, and a large, dense, rounded crown. The bark is normally grey-brown to black. Young branches are always covered with fine hairs. The leaves are leathery and spirally arranged, dark green above and dull beneath. Fine hairs are also found on young leaves.
The tree has small greenish white flowers with a strong, unpleasant smell. It flowers during summer and autumn (November to April). Fruits are purplish black, small, round and fleshy and like the leaves, contain milky latex, and are present from late summer to spring (February to September).
Conservation Status
Sideroxylon inerme is widespread on mountains and is not an endangered species. It is, however, one of South Africa's Protected Trees, which means that no milkwood may be damaged, moved or felled.
Distribution and habitat
This species is commonly found in dune forests, almost always in coastal woodlands and also in littoral forests (forests along the sea shore). It also occurs further inland in Zimbabwe and Gauteng.
Derivation of name and historical aspects
Sideroxylon is a small genus found in Africa, America and Asia with one species in South Africa, Sideroxylon inerme. The genus name is derived from the Greek sideros meaning iron, and xulon meaning wood, referring to the hard wood.
Sideroxylon inerme is a protected species in South Africa. Three specimens have been proclaimed National Monuments.
Speckled mousebirds eat flowers. Birds, bats, monkeys and bush pigs eat the fruit.
Uses
Bark and roots have medicinal value and are used to cure broken bones, to treat fevers, to dispel bad dreams, and to treat gall sickness in stock. The wood of the tree is said to very hard and fine-grained and is used as timber for building boats, bridges and mills. Ripe purple-black berries are said to be edible, with purple, juicy flesh and sticky white juice.
Growing Sideroxylon inerme
These trees can be grown from cuttings but only semi-matured side shoots should be used. Cuttings however should be placed in a mist unit with bottom heating. Cuttings should root within 6 to 8 weeks and after rooting should be hardened off for two weeks. The cuttings should then be potted up in a well-drained soil mix. Results have shown that seed sowing is the best method of propagation. Collect the fruits and remove the flesh before sowing the seeds. Sow seed in a sandy, loam soil mix in a seed tray. Keep the tray moist in a warm place that will enhance better germination. Seeds should take 4 to 6 weeks to germinate. Sow seed in summer.
Sideroxylon inerme is a semi-coastal tree but direct sea wind can result in considerable burn damage from salt-laden wind, so it should be planted where a windbreak offers it some protection from the sea wind. A special feature of this tree is that it makes an excellent firebreak. In the Veld & Flora of June 2006, Andrea Durrheim describes in a letter to the Editor how a row of milkwood trees stopped a fire dead in its tracks behind her cottage. People with beach or holiday houses situated on mountains where fires frequently occur, should consider planting a row of milkwoods as a firebreak.
Common names:
White milkwood ( Eng. );
Witmelkhout, melkhoutboom, melkbessie (Afr.);
Sideroxylon inerme, a tree with a rich history, is a must for coastal gardens with its dense foliage, black berries and small, dainty white flowers.
Description
A small to medium evergreen tree, which grows to a height of 10-15 m. The tree has a sturdy trunk that is normally 600mm in diameter, and a large, dense, rounded crown. The bark is normally grey-brown to black. Young branches are always covered with fine hairs. The leaves are leathery and spirally arranged, dark green above and dull beneath. Fine hairs are also found on young leaves.
The tree has small greenish white flowers with a strong, unpleasant smell. It flowers during summer and autumn (November to April). Fruits are purplish black, small, round and fleshy and like the leaves, contain milky latex, and are present from late summer to spring (February to September).
Conservation Status
Sideroxylon inerme is widespread on mountains and is not an endangered species. It is, however, one of South Africa's Protected Trees, which means that no milkwood may be damaged, moved or felled.
Distribution and habitat
This species is commonly found in dune forests, almost always in coastal woodlands and also in littoral forests (forests along the sea shore). It also occurs further inland in Zimbabwe and Gauteng.
Derivation of name and historical aspects
Sideroxylon is a small genus found in Africa, America and Asia with one species in South Africa, Sideroxylon inerme. The genus name is derived from the Greek sideros meaning iron, and xulon meaning wood, referring to the hard wood.
Sideroxylon inerme is a protected species in South Africa. Three specimens have been proclaimed National Monuments.
- One of these is situated in Mossel Bay and is called the 'Post Office Tree'. Portuguese soldiers in 1500 tied a shoe containing a letter on the tree, describing the drowning at sea of the famous Bartholomew Dias. This tree is said to be 600 years old.
- Another renowned specimen is the 'Treaty Tree' in Woodstock, Cape Town . Next to this tree stood a small house where the commander of local defences handed over the Cape to the British in 1806.
- The third National Monument is a tree called 'Fingo Milkwood Tree' near Peddie in the Eastern Cape. The Fingo people affirmed their loyalty to God and the British king under the tree after English soldiers led them to safety when Chief Hintza and his warriors pursued them.
Speckled mousebirds eat flowers. Birds, bats, monkeys and bush pigs eat the fruit.
Uses
Bark and roots have medicinal value and are used to cure broken bones, to treat fevers, to dispel bad dreams, and to treat gall sickness in stock. The wood of the tree is said to very hard and fine-grained and is used as timber for building boats, bridges and mills. Ripe purple-black berries are said to be edible, with purple, juicy flesh and sticky white juice.
Growing Sideroxylon inerme
These trees can be grown from cuttings but only semi-matured side shoots should be used. Cuttings however should be placed in a mist unit with bottom heating. Cuttings should root within 6 to 8 weeks and after rooting should be hardened off for two weeks. The cuttings should then be potted up in a well-drained soil mix. Results have shown that seed sowing is the best method of propagation. Collect the fruits and remove the flesh before sowing the seeds. Sow seed in a sandy, loam soil mix in a seed tray. Keep the tray moist in a warm place that will enhance better germination. Seeds should take 4 to 6 weeks to germinate. Sow seed in summer.
Sideroxylon inerme is a semi-coastal tree but direct sea wind can result in considerable burn damage from salt-laden wind, so it should be planted where a windbreak offers it some protection from the sea wind. A special feature of this tree is that it makes an excellent firebreak. In the Veld & Flora of June 2006, Andrea Durrheim describes in a letter to the Editor how a row of milkwood trees stopped a fire dead in its tracks behind her cottage. People with beach or holiday houses situated on mountains where fires frequently occur, should consider planting a row of milkwoods as a firebreak.